Timeline - A Window into the Early Showa Period




			The Republic of the Philippines declared independence on October 14, 1943. The entire nation fell under the control of the Japanese military following the outbreak of war between Japan and the United States on December 8, 1941, but in 1943 anti-Japanese guerilla movements began to intensify in many parts of the country. To stem this tide, the Japanese military moved to establish the Republic of the Philippines under the presidency of José Paciano Laurel.

	Document 1 is issue No. 293 of Shashin Shuho, which was published on October 13, 1943. It covers Laurel’s visit to Japan before the establishment of the Republic of the Philippines, in which he was elected as its first president. The issue also features a report about the drafting of the constitution by the Philippines Independence Preparation Committee, which was organized before the establishment of the new government. Document 2 is issue No. 295 of Shashin Shuho, which was published on October 27, 1943. It covers the day when the Republic of the Philippines declared independence, and features a photograph of President Laurel on its cover. Document 1 : A06031088800　Shashin Shuho (Weekly Photographical Journal) No. 293 Document 2 : A06031089000　Shashin Shuho (Weekly Photographical Journal) No. 295